Maths

KS2 Maths SATs — papers, topics and scoring explained

KS2 maths SATs are three papers sat in Year 6: an Arithmetic paper and two Reasoning papers, worth 110 marks in total. No calculators are allowed on any paper. Here's exactly what's tested, which topics come up most, and how to help your child prepare.

3
papers
110
total marks
110
minutes total
0
calculators allowed

The three maths papers

Arithmetic
30 min · 40 marks

Written calculation: four operations, fractions, decimals and percentages. No reasoning — pure fluency with numbers.

Reasoning 2
40 min · 35 marks

Applied maths and problem-solving across the full KS2 curriculum. No calculator.

Reasoning 3
40 min · 35 marks

Same format as Paper 2 — a second reasoning paper to broaden curriculum coverage.

In 2027, the maths papers were sat on Wednesday (Papers 1 & 2) and Thursday (Paper 3) — see the full test schedule for how this fits with GPS and Reading.

Topics tested most

Every KS2 maths topic can appear, but these come up most consistently across recent years — and are the ones worth prioritising in revision time.

Fractions
Simplifying, comparing, ordering, and the four operations with fractions.
Ratio & proportion
Sharing in a ratio, scale factors, and proportional reasoning problems.
Long multiplication & division
Formal written methods for numbers beyond times-table recall.
Percentages
Converting between fractions, decimals and percentages; percentage of an amount.
Algebra
Simple formulae, sequences, and solving for an unknown.
Geometry & angles
Properties of shapes, angle rules, and coordinates.
Measurement
Perimeter, area, volume, and converting between units.
Statistics
Reading and interpreting tables, graphs and pie charts.

How to help your child revise maths at home

Start with arithmetic fluency — it's the fastest topic to improve and builds the confidence needed for reasoning questions. Long multiplication and long division are worth drilling specifically, since they're heavily weighted and easy to lose marks on through small slips rather than misunderstanding.

Once arithmetic is solid, move to worded reasoning problems from real past papers. The skill children need most isn't calculation — it's correctly identifying which operation a question is actually asking for, which only comes from practising varied, realistic questions rather than repetitive drills.

Frequently asked questions

What is on the KS2 maths SATs?
KS2 maths SATs are three papers sat in Year 6: Paper 1 (Arithmetic), and Papers 2 and 3 (Reasoning). Together they cover the full KS2 maths curriculum — number, fractions, ratio, algebra, geometry, measurement and statistics — for 110 marks in total.
How many maths papers are there and how long is each?
Paper 1 (Arithmetic) is 30 minutes for 40 marks. Papers 2 and 3 (Reasoning) are 40 minutes each for 35 marks each. All three are sat on consecutive days in the same week.
What's the difference between the arithmetic and reasoning papers?
Arithmetic is pure calculation — the same operation types repeated with no context, testing speed and accuracy. Reasoning presents worded, multi-step problems that require choosing the right method before calculating, alongside geometry, statistics and algebra questions that arithmetic doesn't cover.
Is a calculator allowed in KS2 maths SATs?
No. Calculators are not permitted on any of the three maths papers. Every calculation, including long multiplication and long division, must be done by hand.
What maths topics come up most in SATs?
Fractions (simplifying, comparing, the four operations with fractions), ratio and proportion, arithmetic fluency (long multiplication and long division), percentages, and algebra are the most heavily and consistently tested topics across recent years, alongside core number and place value questions.
What's a good score in maths SATs?
A scaled score of 100 or more means a child met the expected standard — this typically requires a raw score in the high 50s to low 60s out of 110, though the exact conversion changes slightly every year. 110 or above is considered greater depth.
What are the hardest KS2 maths topics?
Long division, ratio and proportion, algebra, and multi-step worded reasoning problems are consistently the topics children find hardest — not because the individual skills are advanced, but because they require choosing the correct method under time pressure.
How can I help my child revise maths at home?
Focus on arithmetic fluency first (it's the fastest to improve and builds confidence), then move to worded reasoning problems from real past papers so your child practises identifying which operation a question needs, not just performing calculations.

Practise real maths SATs questions — free

Timed, auto-marked, with a full explanation for every wrong answer — and a topic breakdown showing exactly which maths areas need work.

Start practising — free →

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